Pump cylinder and valves therefor



Dec. 11, 1923. I 1,476,794 H. J. BERRY PUMP CYLINDER AND VALVES THEREFORFiled July 28. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet I nientom Z2 f j gjgm.

Gummy Dec. 11, 1923'. 1,476,794

H. J. BERRY PUMP CYLINDER AND VALVES THEREFOR Filed July 28. 1922 ,2Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 11, 1923.

PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. BERRY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OFOllE-HALF TO ELLSWORT HY S. BRYANT, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

PUMP CYLINDER AND VALVES THEREFOR.

Application filed J'uly 28, 1922. Serial No. 578,101.

' To all itmay concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY J. BERRY, 'a citizen of the United States, andresiding at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and a State of Michigan,have invented new and to air and gas compressors, air pumps and similarmachines for changing the pressure of gases, and .its object is toprovide a constructioncf this character which will operate efli'cientlyfor a maximum of time and which can be constructed at. minimum cost.

This invention consists in a cylinder and a head therefor, a valve platebetween the cylinder and its head, saidv valve plate being provided withnovel valve seats for the inlet and discharge valves and with inlet anddischarge passages, and valves of thin resilient sheet metal adapted tobend to open and close said passages. It further consists in inlet anddischarge passages for the cooling liquid in the cylinder walls and inthe cylinder head and in passages in said valve plate communicating withthe passages in g the cylinder and head. It also consist in, the detailsof construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings andparticularly pointed out in" the claims:

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section ofa compres: sion cylinder construction embodying my present invention.Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan of thevalve plate. Figs. 4 and 5 are perspective views of the inlet anddischarge valves.

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throughout the severalviews, v l The cylinder 1 is formed with an internal flange 2intermediate its ends provided with a circumferential shoulder 3 -tosupport the packing ring 4 which prevents leakage of the cooling liquidbetween this shoulder and 1 the circumferential shoulder 5 on the lining6. The outer end ofthis lining fits tightly within the circumferentialshoulder 7 at the outer end of the cylinder. -A piston 8 of.

by means of the screws is a valve plate. 10 having holes 16 to receivethese screws and which is formed with passages 17 and 18 whichcommunicate with the assages 11 and 14 inthe cylinder respective y. I

Secured to this valve plate and to the cylinder is a cylinder head 19having a flange 20 and closure 21 to constitute a chamber 22 for thecooling liquid. Screws 23 secure this closure 21 in position. Packinggaskets 47 may ,be employed if desired. The cylinder may be formed withan inlet 24; for the cooling liquid and two passages,

not shown, in the upper shoulder? which register with the passages 25(Fig. 3) in the valve plate and the passages 26 (Fig. 2) in the cylinderhead, and the head is provided with an outlet opening-27 for the coolingliquid. It will be understood that the number of these passages 2526 maybe increased or decreased as desired.

The cylinder head is formed with a circular groove 29 having anextension 30 which communicates with the passage 17 in the valve plateand the valve plate has a series of smaller holes 32-which communicatewith this groove 29. The plate-also has a shal- -low groove 33 justwithin the circular rib 34 which extends into a recess 35 in the outerend of the lining 6. This plate also has a central boss 36 inthe planeof the rib 34 "and a second series of small holes 37 which are allwithin the circular rib 38 on the outer side of this plate. This rib issurrounded by a shallow groove 39 and by a ,second circular rib i2 whoseouter edge is just within the outer. edge of the circular recess 40 inthe head. This recess has an extension 41 which connects to thedischarge passages 18 and 14' in the valve plate and cylinderrespectively.

The head is formed with a shallow groove 43 around the recess 40 thereinto receive the circular rib 42 and the discharge valve 4.4 of thinresilient metal preferably spring steel while the inlet value 45 isplaced in the recess 35 in the upper end of the linin -6, a smallclearance being allowed so the e go of the valve. .will not be pinched.The groove 33 is but a. few one-thousandths of an inch dee so that whenthe piston 8 moves outward, t e pressure within the cylinder whichvbends-the valve 45 would press it against the bottom of this groove 33before breaking the valve. But-this valve is seatresilient metal andbend under t ed at tha'ttime on the rib 34 and the boss 36 and as theseare accurately ground no leakage occurs. a

p A series of operating tests extending over many weeks demonstratedthat this shallow roove 33 and the fiat surfaces surrounding it togetherwith the thin' metal valve 45 constituted an ideal valve constructionfor compressors andother pumps for ammonia and other fluids. The uppervalve 44 likewise lias a free movement to permit bending. The spacewithin the circular rib 38 is depressed a few thousandths of an inch,sufficiently to permit the valve 44 to fit against this rib 38 but notsufliciently deep to permit the valve to bend beyond its elastic limit."This valve like the valve 45, is bent away from its seat by the gaspassing through the holes 37 and the gas passes the straight edges 46 ofthis valve into the recess 40. Neither of these valves requires a springto cause it to seat as they are of e pressure of the gas to permit it topass but as soon asthe pressure is reversed, they seat themselves bytheir own resiliency. The

distance the valves are permitted to bend toward the valve plate isdetermined by the depths of 'the grooves in the valve plate while thedistance they bend while open can be accurate] determinediby the rate ofintake and disc large of the cylinder.

The details of construction and proportions of parts may all be changedby those skilleddn the art Without departing from the spirit of myinvention as set forth in the following claims.

I claim-- 1. In combination, a cylinder, a valve plate closing the outerend thereof, a cyl-- inder head attached to the cylinder and valveplate, the cylinder, valve plate and head having intake and dischargepassages for gases, the valve plate having holes extending from theintake and discharge passages in the headto the cylinder and havingshallow grooves in which the discharge ends of these holes open,- andthin sheet metal valves adapted to engage the-head around said groovesto prevent return of the gases.

2. In combination, a valve plate having a circular rib surrounding adepression and a series of holes extending through the plate into saiddepression, a thin sheet metal valve mounted on the rib and adapted tobend awayfromthe rib to permit gases to pass through said.holes,andmeans to resist the outward movement of the outer edge of the valve.

3. In combination, a valve plate having a circular rib surrounding ashallow depression and a serles of holes. extending through, the 'plateinto said depression, a

. thin sheet metal valve whose width e uals the external diameter of therib an of greater length than width positioned to engage the rib toprevent passage of gases through the holes and adapted to bend acircular rib and a shallow depression concentric therewith and a seriesof holes extending through the plate into said depression, a valve oftiin resilient sheet metal positioned to en age the rib to preventpassage of ases tiirough the holes and adapted to bend centrally awayfrom the rib to permit such passage, and means to engage the valvefarthest from the center of the rib to limit the movement of the valveaway from the rib.

5. In combination, a cylinder, a valve plate at the outer end thereof, acylinder head at the outer side of the valve plate, means to secure thehead and plate to the cylinder, said cylinder head having separateintake and discharge grooves in the surface next to the valve plate,said cylinder having intake and discharge openings in its wall and saidcylinder, valve plate and head having passages connecting the intake anddischarge openings in the cylinder wall to the intake and dischargegrooves in the cylinder head, said valve plate having two groups ofholes whereby the intake and discharge grooves in the cylinder head mayconnrct to the cylinder independently of said passages and a sheet metalvalve on each side of the valve plate to permit and prevent passage offluids through said holes.

6. n combination, cylinder, a valve plate at the outer end thereof, acylinder head at the outer side of the valve plate, means to 'secure thehead and plate to the cylinder, said cylinder head having separateintake and dischar e grooves in the surface next to the valve p ate,said cylinder having intake and discharge openings in its well, and saidcylinder, valve plate and head having passages connecting the intake anddischarge openings in the cylinder wall to the intake and dischargegrooves in the cylinder head, said valve plate having two groups ofholes whereby theintake and discharge grooves in the cylinder head mayconnect to the cylinder independently of said passages and a sheet metalvalve on each side of the valve plate to permit and prevent passage offluids through said holes, the holes of each group bein' arranged in acircle and the valve plate aving a circular rib on each side concentricwith one of the groups of holes to constitute a valve seat.

-7. In combination, a cylinder, a valve plate at the outer end thereof,a cylinder ead at the outer side of the valve plate, means to secure thehead and plate to the cylinder, said cylinder head having separateintake and discharge groovesin the surface next to the. valve plate,said cylinder having intake and discharge openings in its Wall and saidcylinder, valve plate and head having passages connecting the intake anddischarge openings in the cylinder Wall to the intake and dischargegrooves .in the cylinder head, said -valve plate having two concentriccircular groups of holes whereby the intake and dischargev grooves inthe cylinder head may connect to the cylinder independently ofsaidpassages and a sheet metal valve on each side of the valve plate topermit and prevent passage of fluids through said holes, the valve platehaving two circular ribs on each of its sides co'ncentrio with thegroups of holes to constitute a valve seat, the outer ribs cooperatingwith circular portions of the head and cylinder respectively to limitthe movements of the outer edges of the valves.

HENRY J. BERRY.

